Improvement in machines for twisting and curling hair



. lyn, Kings county, v

'WILGOX, of the city of New York, in the county of certain new and useful Improvements in Machines it is carried to and delivered upon the reel.

.curling-tnbe.

for distributing the hair rope upon the reel.

land the curling is effected, and at the same time with for the purposes for which used.

dished giant PHILIP WISDOM, or BROOKLYN, AND

JOHN H. WILCOX. on .NE roman. Y.

Letters Patent No. 101,800, dated April 12', 187i).

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR 'IWIS'I'ING AND CURLING HAIR.

The Schedule referred to. in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all aeliom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, PHILIP WIsnoM, of Brook- State of New York, and JOHN H.

New York and State of New York, have invented scriptionthereof, and of their mode or manner of operation, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings and to the letters ofrefercnce marked thereon, and makinga part of this specification. Our invention relates to the production'of an improved machine for spinning andcurling hair, our'improvements consisting in certain combinations of devices for that purpose, as hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 is a general perspective view of the whole machine. v

Figure Zis a vertical section leugtlnvlse of iig. 1-

Figure 3 isan enlarged view of the twisting and Figurc 4 is adetached view of the reel which recelves the'hair after it has been twisted and curled. Figure 5 is a detached enlarged view of the guide The spinning and curling mechanism are combined together; or, more correctly, these results are produced by one device or mechanism, which consistsof ahollowv tube, A, which is rapidly revolved by means ofgQwheel or pulley, B, to which motion is given by means of a band, I), passing over a pulley, O, fixed to the main power-shaft D. I

I iInto such revolving or rotating tube or spindle A the hair is fed, and is twisted by the rotation thereof,

the twisting, by causing the twisted-rope to pass out of such tube or spindle through an opening, 1,-in one side of such tube, and to again pass into such tube, after having taken about a half turn around the same, tliruugh another and similar opening, 2, and, as the rope passes from outthe tube A or its continuation,

-- By causing the twisting rope to take the bends or turns required. in passing out of and into the openings 1 and 2, a short curl is given to the hair, instead of the long spiral-like curl produced by ordinary curling mechanism, and the whole body of the hair is thus more completely and permanently curled, and better fitted Connected with such twisting and curling-tube, or a continnatiouthereof, is a similar tuhe,"A', from which the twisted and curled-rope is delivered intothe guide. d, which leads it to and distributes it upon the reel F. In the drawings the tube A is represented as fixed 1n the frame E, and having no rotation, and held in proper position, with respect to the tube A, by means of a nut, c, which screws onto the tube A, and having a recess orcavity therein to fit loosely over a flange or head, a, onthe end of the rotating tube A, so as to allow such tube to freely rotate in such nut.

Instead, however, of having such rotating tube and its extension in two parts, and having the latter fixed, the whole may be made a single tube, rotating in suitable sleeves fixed in the frame E and in the reelfiameG.

The guide (I, which receives the twisted and curled rope as it passes from the tube A ovits extension, is made concave, so as to prevent the rope slipping oh, and is supported at its end nearest such tube on hearing, f,-by means of a pivot or pin, 3, on which it can turn, the other end of such guide extending to and restingover the reel F, and having, on its under side a half-round or oblong projection or lip,- d, which rides between the regs-strands as. hey are wound upon the reel. Asthc reel is revolved this lip causes the guide 10 traverse from one end of the reel to the other, and thus causes the rope to be woundevenly over the whole extent of the reel, filling it toits greatestcapacity.

The-reel F and the parts connected therewith are supported in a horizontal frame, G, which is rotated from the shaft D by means of a pulley and band, 9 g,

rope after it leaves the twisting and curling mechanism. .The rotating oi the reel-frame G imparts a revolutiou to the reel F units axis through the band it, which passes over a pulley, H, fixed to the frame E of the machine, and thence over the guiding-wheels!! ley, it", upon the axle of the reel, a pawl and ratchet, K, preventing the reel turning backward by reason of the pull or strain of the rope.

To prevent the reel being revolved too rapidly, and thus draw too fast the rope through the curling mechanisni, the pulley h isloose upon the axle of the reel, and can move without necessarily giving any motion to the reel. To secure, however, the necessary revolution of the reel that is suificient to draw thehair through the twisting and curling-tube, and prevent the too easy slip of the wheel h, there is placed upon the axle of the reel, outside of the other wheel or pulley, l, which is fixed to such axle, and which, as his revolved, carries the reel iivith it.

' Such pulley l is revolved by frictional contact from one or more wheels, Z; which are placed on the side of the loose pulley h", and which are made 'of pr covered with vulcanized rubber or other elastic ma rial, with a conical or expanding nut or bolt, 4, in th ir centers, so that they can be expanded or diminished in size, a'nd'ithe degree or force of the frictional contact be increased or diminished.

and by such rotation a. further twisting is given to the h, supported on the recl-fiame, and then around a. pulloose wheel h",-an- 1 'Lue reel r is supported by land between two disks,

5 5, which are fixed to short side axles, one of V which" has the pulley I attached to'it. Such reelconsists of a, central hollow shaft or axle, 'm, which should be perforated with numerous holes, as shown in fig. 4,. or

which may bemade of rods with spaces between them,

and the side arms of such reel should 'al'sobe per-lore,

ted, as also shown infig. 4. Snchconstruetiou of reel; renders it possible to take the hair as it is wound upon the reel, and without being removed therefrom, and subject it to the necessary treatment and manipula'-- tion to cleanse andpurify it, the liquid passing through such openings or perforations in into the hair from every direction, and eiTeetually cleansing it. .The same perforations, when th'e'l air is baked, permit the heat to act upon all. portions of the rope. v

What is cleimed is-: 1. In a machine for combination of the revolving tube A,' having side openin'gs 1 2 communicating with the central cavity, to both spin and curl the hair, with a reel, F, having a double the shaft end arms twisting and curling hair, themotion, orjmotionin two directions,- to furtheritwist the hair rope after it leaves thextube A, and also, cause it to be drawn through such tube and wound upon-the o reel. f I

"2. Incombination with thetube Axand reel F, eonst r-noted and operatinga's described the arrangement of the oscillating guide 11,- for distributing the spun and curled rope on the reel, substantially set forth. j

3 3, The combination 'andiarrangement of the ,wheels',

h", l, and 1., for revolving the feel on its axis and reg; 'uleting its motion, substantially as..and for the pur-.

poses set forth; e 4. A machine fortwisting'and curling heir,- itsseverel parts constructed, arranged, and opereting'sever- 'FRED. B. Suns,- S. D. LAW'.

PHILIPWISDONF I 

